This folder describes the contents of the carbon data spreadsheet from the AFL Radiocarbon Dataset.

Column namecorresponding entitySEAD columnDescription
A.  GroupEntity sample_groupssample_group_nameA categorical label used to organise individual bones and all associated analyses (isotopes, radiocarbon dating, and aDNA) into meaningful sets.
B.  Isotope lab numberEntity physical_samplesA unique identifier assigned by the isotope laboratory.
C.  Radiocarbon Lab nrEntity sample_alt_refswhere alt_ref_type = Radiocarbon Lab NumberThe laboratory identifier for radiocarbon dating samples, assigned by the lab where the analysis was performed. The corresponding radiocarbon results are provided in a separate spreadsheet.
D.  DNA lab nrEntity sample_alt_refswhere alt_ref_type = DNA Lab NumberA unique identifier assigned by the respective ancient DNA (aDNA) lab. The actual aDNA data are on a separate spreadsheet.
E.  GenBank accession nrEntity sample_alt_refswhere alt_ref_type = GenBank Lab NumberAn identifier for sequences stored in GenBank.
F.  SiteEntity sitesite_nameThe archaeological site name where the individual/sample was found.
G.  Long/latEntity sitelatitude_dd longitude_ddGeographic coordinates. It came as a single column, and I broke it into one for latitude, and one for longitude.
H.  ParishEntity locationlocation_name (and location_type = Parish)A historical/administrative unit
I.  CountryEntity locationlocation_name (and location_type = Country)Modern country where the site is located.
J.  Relative ChronologyEntity relative_agesrelative_age_name (see table)The archaeological time period assignment, based on typology or context rather than absolute dating.
LM/EN: Late Mesolithic/Early Neolithic
MN: Middle Neolithic
BA: Bronze  Age
IA: Iron Age
K.  BoneEntity abundance_elementelement_nameSpecifies which skeletal element was sampled.
L.  Biological AgeEntity abundance_modificationsmodification_type_name = biological age and modification_type_description =Estimated age at death of the individual. Categories (neonat, juvenile, yealing 0-3 months, yearling 3-10 months, adult, subadult)
M.  δ¹³C (d13C)email sent to Phil and Aikaterini 2026-04-09 asking about these from here downThe stable carbon isotope ratio, expressed in per mil (‰), measured in collagen extracted from bone or tooth.
N.  δ¹⁵N (d15N)The stable nitrogen isotope ratio, expressed in per mil (‰), measured in collagen extracted from bone or tooth.
O.  C/N ratioThe atomic carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of extracted collagen.
P.  %CThe percentage of carbon present in the collagen sample.
Q.  %NThe percentage of nitrogen present in the collagen sample.

1 item under this folder.